英文书籍概览-1《自传》

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin 

，。

，而且还使自传成为一种全新的文学体裁。它是一部影响了几代美国人、历经两百余年经久不衰的励志奇书，它包含了人生奋斗与成功的真知灼见，以及诸种善与美的道德真谛，被公认为是改变了无数人命运的美国精神读本。

，1706年1月17日－1790年4月17日），是美国著名政治家、科学家，同时也是出版商、印刷商、记者、作家、慈善家，更是杰出的外交家及发明家。，参与了多项重要文件的草拟，并曾出任美国驻法国大使，成功取得法国支持美国独立。他曾经进行多项关于电的实验，并且发明了避雷针，还发明了双焦点眼镜，蛙鞋等等。　

，他作为一名政治家，是美国建国的创始者、美国独立运动的领导者、民主精神缔造者、《独立宣言》的起草者；同时，他还是最杰出的科学家、外交家、出版家、作家和社会实业家，他像是“从天上偷窃火种的第二个普罗米修斯”（唐德语），成为举世公认的现代文明之父、美国人的象征。

、历经两百余年经久不衰的励志奇书，它包含了人生奋斗与成功的真知灼见，以及诸种善与美的道德真谛，被公认为是改变了无数人命运的美国精神读本。阅读本书，与一个伟大心灵对话，收获一份人生修养的智慧。

，读书是他打开幸福成功之门的钥匙。书是无价之宝，书是他的快乐。

：在我看来，能够给人类带来幸福的，与其说是千载难逢的巨大幸运，倒不如说是每时每刻发生在我们身边的琐碎的方便。这句话提醒我们：不要只顾那些百年一遇的幸运，而忽略了身边的小改造。。

我们来看下100美金的纸币，。。

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin 

　

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN INTRODUCTORY NOTE

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706.  His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son.  His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who published the "New England Courant." To this journal he became a contributor, and later was for a time its nominal editor. But the brothers quarreled, and Benjamin ran away, going first to New York, and thence to Philadelphia, where he arrived in October, 1723.  He soon obtained work as a printer, but after a few months he was induced by Governor Keith to go to London, where, finding Keith's promises empty, he again worked as a compositor till he was brought back to Philadelphia by a merchant named  Denman, who gave him a position in his business. On Denman's death he returned to his former trade, and shortly set up a printing house of his own from which he published "The Pennsylvania Gazette,"to which he contributed many essays, and which he made a medium for

agitating a variety of local reforms. In 1732 he began to issue his famous "Poor Richard's Almanac" for the enrichment of which he borrowed or composed those pithy utterances of worldly wisdom which are the basis of a large part of his popular reputation.  In 1758, the year in which he ceases writing for the Almanac, he printed in it "Father Abraham's Sermon," now regarded as the most famous piece of literature produced in Colonial America.

Meantime Franklin was concerning himself more and more with public affairs. He set forth a scheme for an Academy, which wastaken up later and finally developed into the University of Pennsylvania;and he founded an "American Philosophical Society" for the purpose of enabling scientific  men to communicate their discoveries to one another.  He himself had already begun his electrical researches,which, with other scientific inquiries, he called on in the intervals of money-making and politics to the end of his life.  In 1748 he sold his business in order to get leisure for study, having now acquired comparative wealth; and in a few years he had made discoveries that gave him a reputation with the learned throughout Europe.  In politics he proved very able both as an administrator and as a controversialist; but his record as an office-holder is stained by the use he made of his position to advance his relatives.  His most notable service in home politics was his reform of the postal system; but his fame as a statesman rests chiefly on his services in connection with the relations of the Colonies with Great Britain, and later with France.  In 1757 he was sent to England to protest against the influence of the Penns in the government of the colony, and for five years he remained there, striving to enlighten the people and the ministry of England as to Colonial conditions.  On his return to America he played an honorable part in the Paxton affair, through which he lost his seat in the Assembly; but in 1764 he was again despatched to England as agent for the colony, this time to petition the King to resume the government from the hands of the proprietors.In London he actively opposed the proposed Stamp Act, but lost the credit for this and much of his popularity through his securing for a friend the office of stamp agent in America.  Even his effective work in helping to obtain the repeal of the act left him still a suspect; but he continued his efforts to present the case for the Colonies as the troubles thickened toward the crisis of the Revolution.In 1767 he crossed to France, where he was received with honor; but

before his return home in 1775 he lost his position as postmaster through his share in divulging to Massachusetts the famous letter of Hutchinson and Oliver.  On his arrival in Philadelphia he was chosen a member of the Continental Congress and in 1777 he was despatched to France as commissioner for the United States.  Here he remained till 1785, the favorite of French society; and with such success did he conduct the affairs of his country that when he finally returned he received a place only second to that of Washington as the champion of American independence.  He died on April 17, 1790.

The first five chapters of the Autobiography were composed in England in 1771, continued in 1784-5, and again in 1788, at which date he brought it down to 1757.  After a most extraordinary series of adventures, the original form of the manuscript was finally printed by Mr. John Bigelow, and is here reproduced in recognition of its value as a picture of one of the most notable personalities of Colonial times, and of its acknowledged rank as one of the great autobiographies of the world.

　　

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